In “A World of Difference” by Kenneth Richard Samples, there is a short section about the Christian worldview’s take on the history of mankind as God’s way of revealing Himself to people. Here’s an outtake, summarizing more or less the gist of what (some) Christians believe about history:**
6. History unfolds in divine revelatory stages.
Five stages–the creation, fall, redemption, glorification, and new creation–reveal God’s sovereign plan for the cosmos and humanity.
Creation. By using his infinite power and incalculable wisdom alone, God made all things in their totality ex nihilo (out of nothing). God subsequently made man in his own image and likeness.
Fall. The first humans misused their God-given freedom to rebel against their Creator by breaking his express commands. This act of original sin left Adam and Eve and their progeny (all humankind) in a sinful state of separation from God and justly deserving divine wrath.
Redemption. Motivated by his infinite love and mercy, God the Father sent his Son into the world to provide an atoning sacrifice for sin. Jesus Christ suffered the wrath of God upon a Roman cross to bring about the forgiveness of sinners. His life, death, and resurrection brought about a way for sinners, through faith and repentance (made possible by the power of the Holy Spirit), to be reconciled to their holy Creator.
Glorification. Having begun with the great events of the past, Christianity projects to the future. Jesus Christ’s Second Coming and apocalyptic events associated with it (resurrection and judgment) will lead to the final stage of redemption where believers are completely and permanently transformed into the image of their Lord and Savior.
New Creation. After these glorious future events, God will destroy this present universe and bring forth the creation of a new heaven and a new earth. A new and glorious realm without sin, pain, sorrow, and death will be made by the almighty power and infinite wisdom of God.
** I say “some” because there are always individuals which claim to be Christian while not strictly or consciously admitting to every single little thing I quoted. In any case, what we have here is a generalization of what Christians believe and affirm.